当代农民工感知社会支持、自尊和主观幸福感的关系

The Relationship Among the Perceived Social Support,Self-esteem and Subjective Well-being of Contemporary Rural Migrant Workers

本研究以600名农民工为被试,采用问卷法探讨农民工感知社会支持、自尊与主观幸福感的关系,并考查农民工自尊在其感知社会支持与主观幸福感之间的中介作用。结果表明:(1)高自尊水平农民工的主观幸福感及其各维度、感知社会支持都极其显著地高于低自尊农民工;(2)感知社会支持、自尊与主观幸福感显著两两正相关;(3)自尊在感知社会支持基础上对主观幸福感及两个维度回归效应显著,为二者之间重要的中介变量。

The purpose of this study is to discuss the relationship among the level of self-esteem,the subjective well-being and perceived social support. The research surveyed 600 rural migrant workers in Suzhou,using a self-made situation questionnaire of rural migrant workers＇ perceived social support and the scale of self-esteem,the scale of the subjective well-being of rural migrant workers which had been modified in order to survey the relationship among perceived social support,self-esteem and subjective well-being.The situation questionnaire of rural migrant workers＇ perceived social support included 2 situations.The first situation was set as personal injury;the second situation was set as unemployment.Both were compiled in the situation projection way.The first situation included 2 dimensionalities. Acquaintances support and Non-acquaintances support,with 9 questions altogether.The construct validity of this questionnaire was.58,Cranach＇sαwas.83.The second situation included 2 dimensionalities,named as the perception of information of social support and the perception of non-messaging of social support,with 7 questions altogether.The construct validity of this questionnaire was .63,Cranach＇s a was.83.Cranach＇s a in this measurement of the scale of self-esteem of Rosenberg was.76.The modified scale of subjective well-being of rural migrant workers included 5 dimensionalitied,namely,development experience,goals and values experience, relationships experience,mentality balance experience and contentment abundant experience.The construct validity of it was .58,and Cranach＇sαwas.78.This research also explored the mediating influence of self-esteem on the relation between,perceived social support and subjective well-being of contemporary rural migrant workers.The ultimate purpose was to make better suggestions for the enhancement of the subjective well-being of the rural migrant workers. The research results show that（1） The subjective well-being,each of its dimensions and the perceived social support of the rural migrant workers with a higher level of self-esteem are significantly higher than those with a lower level of self-esteem;（2） There was a significant correlation among perceived social support,self-esteem and subjective well-being.（3） There is an apositive pair wise correlation among perceived social support,self-esteem and subjective well-being.（4）The self-esteem based on perceived social support has a significant regression influence on the subjective well-being,and is an important intervening variable between them.Meanwhile,the self-esteem based on perceived social support has a significant regression influence on the development experience and relationships experience, and is an important intervening variable between them. Our conclusion：Both perceived social support and self-esteem have a significant influence on the subjective well-being of rural migrant workers.The self-esteem of rural migrant workers is an important intervening variable between perceived social support and subjective well-being.