涉黑犯罪主要参加者的法律适用问题研究

Study on the Criminal Law Applicable Problem of the Main Participants of Organized Crime

在黑社会性质组织犯罪中,主要参加者身份判断的复杂性主要来源于黑社会性质组织犯罪本身的复杂性。涉黑犯罪主要参加者不仅数量大而且类型十分多样。实践中,主要参加者的作用地位可以根据以下几个方面来分析判定:一是通过组织内部架构或层次来确认。二是通过在组织内部承担的职责和收益来确认。涉黑犯罪主要参加者分为以下类型:组织领导者的下层、具体实施者中的重要作用者、教唆从犯者、重要帮助者。对不同的人员类型,要按照犯罪组织中的具体层级关系和作用,确定其刑责与刑罚。

The complexity of deciding the identities of main participators of organized crimes with underworld characteristics is mainly decided by the complexity of organized crimes itself.The number and type of main participators of organized crimes related with the underworld are large and varied.In practice,the role and function of each main participator shall be determined by the following aspects： first,the structure or hierarchy within the organization;second,the responsibility in and gains from the organization.The main participators of organized crimes with underworld characteristics can be classified as follows： lower level criminals controlled by organization leaders,those who play an important role in committing crimes,those who abet accomplices and those important ciminal helpers.Criminal responsibility and penalty shall be applied to different kinds of criminals according to the specific ranks and roles in the crime organization.