“胥吏”与“武士”——中日传统社会警察前身的文化比较及启示

Petty official and SamuraiComparison and Consideration on the Police Culture of China and Japan

中日传统社会基层警政职能的执行者有所不同,在中国主要是胥吏,日本则是武士。不同的文化形态产生了不同的职业伦理道德,并对今天的警察职业文化产生影响。胥吏遵行的明为官方主流意识形态———官德,暗则遵循功利性的民间江湖价值理念,日本传统武士遵行的则是"知行合一"的武士道精神,它们分别对近代两国警察制度的建立形成影响。通过两者的文化差异比较,汲取日本警察文化中先进的文化思维能促进我国警察文化的建设。

There were different grass-roots level police officials in ancient China and Japan,namely the Chinese had petty officials while the Japanese had the samurai.Different culture cultivated different professional ethics and had an impact on today＇s police professional culture.On the surface level,the Chinese petty official abided by the official mainstream ideology——official ethic,but in fact,they followed the utilitarian value.Japan traditional Samurai followed ＂the unity of knowing and doing＂ Bushido.They both influenced the establishment of the modern police system.Just as stones from other hills may serve to polish jades,through the comparison of these two police culture,we can absorb the advanced culture of Japanese police thinking to promote the Chinese police culture construction.