75例白血病患者的职业病诊断分析

Occupational diagnosis of 75 leukemia patients

目的了解职业性苯所致白血病的流行特点,分析其诊断工作中存在的问题并提出解决办法,为职业病防治机构有针对性地开展职业性苯所致白血病诊断和防治工作提供依据。方法对75例白血病病例的职业病诊断资料进行分析。结果 52例诊断为职业性苯所致白血病(职业病组),23例不能诊断为职业性苯所致白血病(非职业病组)。职业病组以急性白血病(71.15%)多见,98.08%无苯中毒病史,发病年龄<40岁者占88.46%,累计接触苯工龄、潜隐期在5年以内者分别占69.23%、65.38%。苯作业工种分布多样,并且所接触的含苯有机溶剂复杂。结论职业性苯所致白血病应选用《职业性肿瘤诊断标准》GBZ94,合理运用《职业病防治法》第四十二条进行诊断。

Objective To analyze the characteristics of leukemia caused by benzene and provide evidences for prevention and control of occupational diseases.Methods The data of occupational diagnosis of 75 leukemia cases were analyzed retrospectively.Results 52 cases were diagnosed as occupational benzene leukemogenesis（the occupational disease group） and 23 cases were not diagnosed（the non-occupational disease group）.In the occupational disease group,71.15% cases were acute leukemia.98.08% have not benzene poisoning history.The average age 40 age of being diagnosed as leukemia were 88.46%.The cumulative duration of benzene exposure and the latency period less than 5 age were 69.23%、65.38% respectively.It is extensive in the benzene-exposed Job Categories,and the benzene organic solvent is complicated.Conclusion The diagnosis of occupational benzene leukemogenesis must base on ＂Diagnosis Criteria of Occupational Cancer＂ GBZ94 and use the 42nd provision term ＂Law on the Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases＂effectively.