汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的语言加工技能研究

Language Processing Skills in Children with Developmental Dyslexia in Chinese Language

本文旨在探讨汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童的语言加工技能缺陷及其对汉语阅读的影响。以58对汉语发展性阅读障碍儿童和正常对照组儿童为被试,进行语音意识、语素意识、命名速度和汉语阅读技能测试。结果发现:(1)汉语发展性阅读障碍组各项语言加工技能指标均低于对照组;(2)各项语言加工技能与汉语识字及阅读理解均有中等程度相关,可在一定程度上预测汉语阅读水平,但总预测率低于50%;(3)识字水平在各项语言加工技能与阅读理解之间均起完全中介作用。研究结果显示:语言加工缺陷是汉语发展性阅读障碍的重要发生机制,它通过影响识字水平进而影响阅读理解水平。

This article explored the language processing deficiency in children with developmental dyslexia in Chinese language as well as its impact on Chinese reading. We assessed phonological awareness, morpheme awareness, name speed, and Chinese reading skills on 58 pairs of children with and without developmental dyslexia in Chinese language. The resttlts included： （1） the language processing scores of all item skills of the of children with developmental dyslexia in Chinese language were lower than the control group statistically; （2） there existed moderate correlation between language processing skills of all items and Chinese literacy and reading comprehension, and this can predict the level of Chinese reading competence with the total prediction rate less than 50% ; （3） the Chinese literacy had a mediating effect on language processing skills of all items and reading comprehension. The conclusion is language processing deficiency is acting as an important mechanism of dyslexia in Chinese language and this deficiency has an effect on reading comprehension through its effect on Chinese literacy.