从美国大学教学特点看我国大学教学盲点

Research on the Teaching Blind Spots in Chinese Universities from the Perspective of Teaching Characteristics in American Universities

美国的大学教学以学生为中心,以提升学生学习为使命,鼓励学生主动学习,让学生在研讨式教学、课外学习和动手操作中受到较为完整的教育,从而使他们的包括动手能力和创新能力在内的综合素质得到较好发展。反观我国大学,学生因为处于教学过程的边缘而缺乏学习主动性,学习投入不足;同时,学生因为教学方法的教育功能未能很好发挥、课外学习不足和做中学机会欠缺,从而难以受到较为完整的教育,致使他们的综合素质,尤其是动手能力和创新能力不能得到充分的发展。

The teaching of American universities is student-centered which takes the students＇ learning as the mission and encourages the students to do active learning.Therefore,the students can get a more thorough education in seminar teaching,extracurricular learning and practical operation.As a result,the students＇ comprehensive qualities including practical ability and innovative ability can be greatly developed.In contrast,in Chinese universities,the students are at the edge of the teaching process and are lack of learning initiative.Meanwhile,the students in Chinese universities can not get a thorough education because the education functions of teaching method fail to fulfill,extracurricular learning and the opportunity of learning by doing are lacked.All these lead to the students＇ comprehensive qualities,especially practical ability and innovative ability can not be fully developed.