大学思想史前史:纽曼之前的大学观念及其来源——以“idea”一词出现及其展开为核心

The Prehistory of University Idea:The University Idea and Its Origin before Newman——Centered on the Appearance of "Ideas" and Its Expansion

在纽曼使用idea一词首次系统完整地对大学思想进行思考之前,著名思想家柏克和柯勒律治等人已经使用idea一词来论述包括大学在内的传统机构的精神观念及其作用。这一词的历史意义和使用方式包含了对知识、理性与信仰之关系、对传统的态度等深层问题的思考,从而对纽曼的大学思想定型和发展有着重要的启示作用。该词的来源、原初意义及其影响决定了大学观念在其开端就受到了保守主义思想的影响,并具有了保守思维的意识结构和性质。

This article concluded that before J.H.Newman used the word ＂idea＂ to discuss the idea of a university firstly and integrally,Edmund Burke and Samuel Taylor Coleridge had already used the word ＂idea＂ to discuss the spirit and idea of an institution and its function.The meaning and using pattern of the word ＂idea＂,include relation of reason and belief,the attitude toward tradition,had the fundamentally effect on Newman＇s ideal of a university.The original use of the word ＂idea＂ shows the imprint of conservatism,and possesses the conservative thought structure and characteristics.