从心智哲学看汉英感叹句的异同——以“多(么)—”式和how-与what-式感叹句为例

A Comparison Between Chinese and English Exclamatives from the Perspective of the Philosophy of Mind——Illustrated by duome-,how-and what-exclamatives

在意向性选择和调节作用下,汉英感叹句为表征感受质,重点采用语音突显手段,而且在句法、语义与语用上表现出一些共性。不过,由于语用心理和认知倾向上的差异,意向性发挥选择和调节作用也有所不同:汉语感叹句以"顺理"为纲,呈现话题优先特征,"词突显"性尤其显著,且常用意合手段;英语感叹句以"显情"为要,焦点结构化语言性质明显,主要依赖固定的句法手段来表达感叹,"句式突显"性强。

As a result of intentional selection, Chinese and English exclamatives, in order to represent qualia, are usually phonologically profiled and share some syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features. Yet, it is found that due to psychological and cognitive difference and accordingly somewhat different intentional selection, Chinese exclamatives, usually following the logic order of events, are paratactic, syntactically topic-prior and distinctly word-profiled ; while English ones stress the imme- diate expression of strong emotions with the wh-elements with the usual focus put into a position of initial prominence and thus are notably focus- and syntagm-profiled.