社区糖尿病患者疾病相关健康素养对血糖控制的影响

Impact of disease-related health literacy on the control of blood glucose in community patients with diabetes mellitus

目的确认社区2型糖尿病患者的健康素养现状,探讨其与糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)的关系。方法采用分层抽样法对延吉市160例社区2型糖尿病患者的健康素养进行问卷调查,并按操作规范对其进行体格检查和相关实验室检查。结果有40%的2型糖尿病患者健康素养处于低水平。不同HbA1c水平组,其民族、年龄、文化程度、健康素养、病程间差异均有统计学意义;三酰甘油(TG)、空腹血糖(FPG)与HbA1c呈正相关,高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)与HbA1c呈负相关。在控制了一般资料和疾病资料的影响下,健康素养对HbA1c仍有显著影响。结论社区2型糖尿病患者中的低健康素养现象普遍存在,血糖控制状况不理想,受多种因素影响。护理人员应注重提高糖尿病患者的健康素养,以促进其进行有效的血糖控制。

Objective To investigate the current status of health literacy in community patients with type 2 diabetes,and to analyze the relationship between health literacy and HbAlc. Methods Totally 160 community patients with type 2 diabetes in Yanji were recruited and investigated with Test of Functional Health Literacy in Aduhs（TOFHLA）. In addition,the biochemical and physical examination were completed by general practitioners. Results The level of health literacy was low in 40 percent of the patients. There were significant differences in the race,age,educational level,level of health literacy and duration of disease among patients with different HbAlc level. Moreover,HbAlc level was positively correlated with the level of triglyceride（TC） and fasting blood glucose（FBG）,while negatively correlated with the level of high density lipoprotein（HDL-C）. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that heahh literacy had significant influence on HbAIc level after controlling for the demographic and disease variables. Conclusions Low health literacy is common in community patients with type ：2 diabetes. Blood glucose control is not satisfactory,which is affected by multiple factors. Nudes should focus on improving patient＇s health literacy to promote effective blood glucose control.