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应用微核试验和单细胞凝胶电泳技术检测农药对蜘蛛的遗传毒性 被引量:2

Using micronuclei test and single cell gel electrophoresis assay to evaluate genotoxicity of pesticides to Pardosa astrigera L.Koch
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摘要 应用蜘蛛血细胞微核试验和单细胞凝胶电泳试验研究了两种杀虫剂——吡虫啉和阿维菌素对蜘蛛头胸部和腹部的遗传毒性。结果表明:各供试浓度吡虫啉和阿维菌素对蜘蛛血细胞微核率均有明显影响,与对照组相比有显著性差异(P<0.05,P<0.01);且随着两种农药浓度升高,血细胞微核率显著增加,存在明显的剂量效应关系(吡虫啉浓度与星豹蛛头胸部血细胞微核率相关系数r=0.672 8,腹部为r=0.800 6;阿维菌素与星豹蛛头胸部血细胞微核率相关系数r=0.989 9,腹部为r=0.985 8)。吡虫啉和阿维菌素对星豹蛛血细胞DNA损伤有明显的剂量效应关系(吡虫啉浓度与星豹蛛头胸部血细胞DNA损伤相关系数r=0.948 2,腹部为r=0.970 4;阿维菌素与星豹蛛头胸部血细胞DNA损伤相关系数r=0.978 1,腹部为r=0.975 6)。两种农药在同一浓度下,对星豹蛛腹部血细胞微核率和DNA损伤程度明显大于头胸部。 This study combined micronucleus test (MN) and single cell gel electrophoresis technique to assess the genotoxicity of imidacloprid and avermectins to Pardosa astrigera Koch. The micronucleus assay is already widely used in genetictoxicity evaluation due to its clear endpoint, high reproducibility and easy accessibility. The single cell gel electrophoresis technique (comet assay) is a simple, sensitive, reliable, and rapid method to detect DNA damage in eukaryotic cells. P astrigera, one of the main natural enemies of destructive insects for cropland, orchard, vegetable fields and forest ecosystems, widely distributed in most areas of South and North China. The objective of the study was to achieve a more comprehensive understanding of the effects and potential risks on the spiders of imidacloprid and avermectins, which are normal pesticides, used in the agricultural and forest ecosystems. The results showed significant differences (P 〈 0.05, or P 〈 0.01) in micronuclei frequency ofP. astrigera hemocytes between imidacloprid and avermectins treatments and the control. The micronuclei frequency increased with concentrations of the two pesticides, showing evident dose-effect relationship. The correlation coefficients of imidacloprid and averrnectins concentrations with micronuclei frequency of hemocytes were 0.672 8 and 0.989 9 for cephalothorax, 0.800 6 and 0.985 8 for abdomen ofP astrigera respectively. The comet assay showed that DNA damage percentage of pesticide-treated P astrigera was significantly different from that of the control (P 〈 0.01). DNA damage scores expressed as arbitrary units (AU) increased with two pesticides concentrations showing dose-effect relationships. The correlation coefficients of DNA damage in cephalothorax and abdomen hemocytes of P astrigera with imidacloprid concentration were 0.948 2 and 0.970 4 respectively, and with avermectins were 0.978 1 and 0.975 6, respectively. The frequencies of micronuclei and DNA damage of the abdomen hemocytes ofP astrigera was more serious than those of cephalothorax. MN test and single cell gel electrophoresis assay in this study provided valuable information for evaluation of the pesticides risks to natural enemies and agricultural ecosystems.
出处 《中国生态农业学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第1期58-62,共5页 Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture
基金 山西省青年基金(2008021041) 山西省科技攻关项目(20080311023 2006031048) 山西省留学基金项目(2009042)资助
关键词 吡虫啉 阿维菌素 星豹蛛 微核试验 单细胞凝胶电泳试验(彗星试验) 血细胞微核率 DNA损伤 Imidacloprid, Avermectins, Pardosa astrigera L. Koch, Micronuclei test, Single cell gel electrophoresis assay (comet assay), Micronuclei frequency of hemocyte, DNA damage
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