论中国旅游可持续发展的规划策略

PLANNING STRATEGY OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DEVELOP MENT IN CHINA

从旅游可持续发展的定义及其对旅游规划的要求出发 ,分析了中国旅游规划的现状及存在问题 :1 .各级旅游规划不平衡 ,相互间联系不紧密 ;2 .规划内容单一 ,就旅游论旅游 ;3.规划人员组织过于简化 ,“本位”主义突出 ;4 .规划与研究脱节 ;5 .缺少专门的行业规范和技术标准。本文认为中国旅游要步入可持续发展轨道 ,从旅游规划而言 ,必须实施以下战略和措施 :1 .加强旅游规划的组织机构建设 ,将旅游规划纳入法制化管理 ;2 .尽快统一旅游规划的范围和程序 ,编制相应的技术标准 ;3.加强宣传 ,统一认识 ,力求社会各界对旅游规划的理解和支持 ;4 .加速培养专门的旅游规划人才 ;5 .加强各级区域旅游规划的编制。

MasstourisminChinaisaratherrecentactivity ,itcommencesintheearly1 980’s ReformandOpenPolicy .SincethentourismplanninginChinabeganasaspecialplanning field,however,infact,itwasmainlyledbytraditionalLandscapeArchitecture ,This circumstanceresultsinthefollowingplanningproblems: 1 )Un_consistenceofvarious_leveltourism planningresultsinthatup_leveltourism planningcannotbeaguidelineforthenext_leveltourismplanninganddevelopment. 2 )Theoutputsoftourism planningarelimitedinnarrow provisioncomponentsof touristactivity ,inlackofdeepconsiderationsofmarket,environment,social_cultureaspects, especiallyinviewofanintegratedregionalsustainabledevelopment. 3)Theorganizationofplannersover_simplycomesfromonediscipline,asLandscapeArchitecture,lacksinvolvementandcooperationoftourismresourceandcultureheritageand otherrelatedsubjects,andmorelackscommunityinvolvementandparticipationinplanning process. 4)Inplanningexplanationtext,therefore ,thereisnotherelatedthematicresearch , andnocompletelycomprehensiveunderstandingofresourceprocess,cultureheritagevalue , etc. 5)So ,someuglyprojectandevendestructivedevelopmenttakeplacefromtimetotime , andinfluenceonthesustainabletourismdevelopmentinChina. Inthispaper,basedontherequirementofSustainabletourismdevelopmentdefinedby Globe’90tourismstreaminVancouver,Canada,theactionstrategyoftourismplanningin Chinaissetfourasfollows: 1 )Stimulatingandencouragingtoconstructspecialtourism planninginstitutewith variousforms,includingnational,social_associational,private_company ,and profitor nonprofitorganization ,andleadingmarketcompetitionsystemtoopenthetourismmarkets andtomanagethemwithqualitylicenseregulationforplanningInstituteandplanners. 2 )ChineseTourismAdministrativeOfficeshouldpreparethetermofreferencefor tourismplanningasquicklyaspossibleforthelawsandregulationsoftourism ,tomakesure theconsistenceofeachlevelprojectsintechnologyandtheireasypracticebyvarious_level governments. 3)Trainingandupgradingthetourism plannerstouseintegratedandsustainable developmentapproach ,andtoexpandittothepublicityfortheirmonitoringandsupportingthroughcommunityinvolvement,trainingandpropagation . 4)Theurgentneedistoformulatethevarioustypesandlevelsofregionaltourism planninginordertoprovidepolicyframeworkandguidelinefornext_leveltourism planning anddevelopmentwiththecontrolledmanners.