西方现代学徒制的特征及启示

Characteristics of Modern Apprenticeship in Western Countries and Its Enlightenments

二战后,以德国双元制为典型代表的现代学徒制在西方各国得到了重生,并表现出一些新的发展趋势,其典型特征包括:国家战略层面的制度管理,多元参与的利益相关者机制,以企业为主、工学结合的人才培养模式,以学徒为主的双重身份,统一规范的教育培训标准和与国家职业资格体系的融通等。结合我国职业教育发展的现状,可以在深化职业教育工学结合改革及加强新生代农民工的职业教育与培训方面借鉴现代学徒制。

The modern apprenticeship represented by dual-system in Germany had gotten vigorous development in western countries after the world War Ⅱ,and it also showed new development trends,and their typical characteristics include： systematic management on national strategic level,participation by various stakeholders,the working-learning combination talent cultivation model subjected by enterprises,regulated and uniform education and training standard and its integration with national professional qualification system.According to the development status of vocational education in China,Chi. na can refer the modern apprenticeship to deepen the working-learning combination reform and strengthen vocational edu. cation and training of rural migrant labors.