血小板活化因子与新生儿疾病

Platelet-Activating Factors and Neonatal Diseases

血小板活化因子(PAF)是一种磷脂信号分子,主要通过细胞膜表面的PAF受体(PAF-R)———G蛋白耦联受体,将细胞内信号传导至多种类型的细胞效应器。PAF在多种有害刺激下与PAF-R结合并发生磷酸化,激活信号传导通路及细胞内第二信使,如环磷酸鸟苷、磷脂酰肌醇、磷脂酶C、磷酸肌酸激酶及钙离子等生物效应,并可介导转录因子如核因子(NF)-κB的活化,激发并扩大急性炎症和凝血反应等,从而介导参与多种疾病的病理过程。在脓毒症、休克、创伤中,PAF信号系统失调,中断效应器反应会引起好的结果。随着研究深入,发现PAF与新生儿疾病的发生、发展有密切关系。现就PAF的结构、代谢、功能及其与新生儿疾病的相关性进行综述。

Platelet -activating factor（PAF） is a phospholipid signaling molecule. It evokes its effects by binding to its G protein - coupled receptor, and transmits outside -in signals to intracellular transduction effectors in a variety of cell types. Injurious stimuli ceiaget PAF - R phosphorylation, activate signal transduction pathways and intracellular second messengers such as cyclic guanosine monophosphate,phosphatidylinositol, phospholipase C, creatine phosphate kinases and calcium and other biological effects, and mediate transcription facters such as nuclear factor（NF） - KB activation, trigger and amplify both acute inflammatory and thrombotic cascades. PAF mediates in the pachogenesis of many diseases. The PAF signaling system could not play its role in sepsis, shock, and traumatic injury and that interruptmn or termination of its effector responses leads to beneficial outcomes. With further research, it was found that PAF and neonatal diseases have a close relationship. In this paper, the structure of PAF, metabolism, function, and its correlation with neonatal disease were reviewed, which przvide a new direction on the pathogenesis of the disease, and provide a new method for diagnosis and treatment.