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儿童非惊厥性癫持续状态的定义、分类、脑电图及临床诊断 被引量:2

Definition,Classification,Electroencephalogram and Clinical Diagnosis of Nonconvulsive Status Epilepticus in Children
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摘要 非惊厥性癫持续状态(NCSE)指大脑持续性放电活动>30 min,同时伴某些精神、意识或行为异常,但缺乏惊厥性症状的临床病理情况。NCSE的分类较复杂,传统分为全面性与局限性,如失神癫发作和复杂局限发作持续状态,目前公认以起病年龄为特征的临床分类。临床表现为轻微或不显性运动、情感、唤醒、认知、记忆、视觉或意识障碍。典型脑电图包括节律性、全脑同步性3.0~3.5 Hz棘-慢复合波;不典型者为节律或非节律性<3.0 Hz棘-慢复合波、多棘-慢复合波,节律性δ慢波兼有棘波或小尖波持续发放。边缘性脑电图可能代表一种发作与发作后、发作期与发作间期,甚至性与非性之间的代谢或器质性脑功能动态异常状态,又称为周期性放电脑电图,包括周期性单侧性放电(PLEDs),双侧独立同步周期性单侧性放电(BIPLEDs),伴一过性节律性放电的周期性单侧性放电,广泛性周期性性放电和三相波,刺激诱导节律周期性或发作性放电等。NCSE的临床诊断较困难,主要根据不典型神经症状与异常行为,进行性神经心理功能异常,持续或反复阵发性性放电,缺乏明显的运动性发作表现;其次,依据静脉或口服抗癫药物治疗能够改善症状或缓解病情。脑电图包括频繁或持续广泛性或局灶性棘波或棘-慢波放电,伴波幅、频率和分布的异常变化;全面惊厥性发作或癫持续状态后昏迷伴PLEDs或BIPLEDs。
作者 梁锦平
出处 《实用儿科临床杂志》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2011年第24期1900-1904,共5页 Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
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共引文献9

同被引文献54

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