肝病患者医院感染调查及临床特点分析

Clinical analysis and investigation about nosocomial infection in liver disease patients

目的探讨肝病患者医院感染的特点。方法对2010年1～12月首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院住院的11950例肝病患者发生医院感染的情况进行监测和分析。结果肝病患者发生医院感染209例．感染率为1．7％：感染234例次，例次率为2．0％；平均住院日延长22．7d。41～65岁感染者所占比例最高（70．3％）。感染部位依次为呼吸道（108例，46．2％），腹腔（61例，26．1％）。其中98例医院感染患者共送检115份标本，分离出94株病原菌。菌群分布依次为革兰阴性菌38株（40．4％），革兰阳性菌28株（29．8％），真菌28株（29．8％）。致病菌主要是大肠埃希菌和白色念珠菌。医院感染患者中45．5％接受过侵入性操作。结论肝病合并医院感染可明显延长患者住院时间,加重病情。因此，应重视医院感染的监控和管理，降低医院感染的发生。

Objective To study the characteristics of nosocomial infection in liver disease patients. Methods An investigation and analysis about nosocomial infection was preformed on 11 950 liver disease patients who had been hospitalized in Beijing You＇an Hospital between January and December 2010. Results Nosocomial infection was found in 209 liver disease patients, with an incidence of 1.7% and 234 infection cases, with a rate of 2.0%. Average length of stay prolonged 22.7 days. The highest rate of nosocomial infection was 70.3% in the patients of 41 to 65 years old. The infected site was respiratory tract （108 cases, 46.2%） and abdomen （61 cases, 26.1%）. There were ahogether 115 samples from 98 patients with nosocomial infection, and 94 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated. The pathogens were mainly E.coli and Candida albicans. Of the nosocomial infection patients, 45.5% experienced invasive operation. Conclusion Liver disease complicated with nosocomial infection may extend hospital stay and make the disease worse. Therefore, it is important to emphasize on monitoring and management of nosocomial infection, and decrease the occurrence of the disease definitely.