大竹蛏生物学特性的初步研究

Biological Characteristics of Solen grandis Dunker

采用野外调查、常规生物学测定、解剖观察和组织切片等方法对大竹蛏外部形态、内部结构、生活习性和生殖行为进行了初步研究。结果表明,大竹蛏为埋栖型贝类,生活在潮间带中、下区和浅海的泥沙滩。其软体部主要由外套膜、鳃、足和内脏团构成,水管受刺激易发生自切。大竹蛏一年一个生殖周期,繁殖季节一般在每年5-6月。大竹蛏耐低温不耐高温,对盐度的适应范围较广,底质厚度会影响其正常生长。高温及浒苔等是其夏季养殖的主要威胁。

The morphological characteristics,living habit,and reproductive behavior of Solen grandis were studied by field investigation,morphometrics,anatomical observation and histological methods.The results showed that S.grandis as a sea shell was burrowed in clay and sandy from the middle and low intertidal zones.The soft parts of S.grandis were composed of mantle,gill,foot and visceral mass.The water tubes of S.grandis was found autotomy when it was excited.S.grandis had a reproductive cycle per year and spawned from May to June.The experimental ecology indicated that S.grandis had low temperature tolerance and euryhaline.The sediment thickness had extensive influence on the growth of S.grandis.The seed rearing revealed that high temperature and Enteromorpha prolifera mainly damaged the breeding of S.grandis in the summer.