土壤重金属危害及修复措施

土壤重金属污染问题日益受到人们的关注。从土壤重金属污染的内涵及特点出发,阐述了土壤重金属污染对植物、土壤动物、土壤酶以及通过食物链对人类的危害。在此基础上,对土壤重金属污染的修复措施进行了概述,主要包括物理修复、化学修复、植物修复及微生物修复等。可以预料,土壤重金属污染修复将向着植物修复和微生物修复的方向发展,并且多种修复方法的综合使用将受到越来越多的重视。

In recent years,heavy medals pollution in soil is more and more serious,which has been paid more and more attention and is urgent to be solved in the world.This paper explained the content and features of the heavy metals pollution in soil.Human activities are one of the most important seasons which resulted in heavy metals pollution in soil.It was discussed that the damage of the pollution to the plant,animals,soil enzymes,and to human body by the food chain.On this basis,some restorations have been put forward,such as physical remediation,chemical remediation which was becoming non-replaceable for the remediation of non-point pollute arable soils,phytoremediation and microbial remediation,the mechanism and features of which were analyzed.The research of heavy metal tolerance and hyperaccumulation of higher plants has become a hot topic in the field of pollution ecology.With the development of molecular ecology,research on the mechanisms of heavy metal tolerance,detoxification and accumulation in higher plants has made progress in recent years.It was pointed out that phytoremediation and microbial repair were the future direction,because the former was safe and cheap compared to other methods,and the latter was efficient by oxidation,reduction,bioadsorption and dissolution of soil microorganisms.What＇s more,the combined use of the various methods should be paid more attention.