城市道路单向交通组织前后的环境效益评价

Study on traffic environment benefit evaluation of urban regional one-way traffic transformation

传统的单向交通研究大多集中于基础理论研究而缺乏实施前后的效果评价.在选取长春市城市典型拥堵区域晚高峰进行车载排放测试、道路结构调查和交通流调查的基础上,基于顺时针组织单向交通,并结合区域公共交通实际设置逆向公交车道,采用交通仿真软件Q-Paramics进行单向改造前后的交通仿真,将基于比功率的排放模型和交通仿真模型通过速度和加速度作为输入输出参数结合,从而定量评价单向改造前后区域的机动车3种排放污染物的瞬态排放率及排放总量.研究结论表明:通过合理组织单向改造、设置逆向公交车道及交叉口时空资源的优化设计,区域机动车3种排放污染物的瞬态排放率均有所减少,3种排放污染物的小时排放量和排放总量均有降低,区域内机动车每小时排放总量降低了4.62%.

The traditional study lack of Lraffic environment benefit evaluation before and after the oneway traffic transformation, selectting the urban crowed area to conducted on-road emission test, road structure survey and traffic survey, proposed of clockwise one-way traffic organizations, settings of reverse public transport bus lanes on basis of the actual situation, using of Q-Paramics to simulate traffic operation before and after one-way transformation. Caculated the regional vehicle emissions and contri- bution rate through combination of emission models, and traffic simulation models with speed and ac- celeration, quantitative evaluation of dynamic traffic environment before and after one-way transforma- tion on evening peak hours. Conclusion showed that through the rational organization one-way traffic transformation, set of reverse bus lane and optimal design of time and space resources, the mass emission rates of three emissions have decreased trend, the total hourly emissions reduced 4.62 %.