五种蒿属植物对舞毒蛾的毒力测定

Toxicity Test for Lymantria disparfrom Five Artenisia Species

首先采用3种提取方法对黄花蒿、大籽蒿、蒙古蒿、猪毛蒿、野艾蒿5种蒿属植物进行了有效物质的提取,通过初步毒力测定筛选出了一种较好的提取方法为超声波提取法,然后采用超声波提取法进一步用丙酮、乙醇、石油醚、三氯甲烷4种溶剂对5种植物进行有效物质的提取,进行触杀试验、胃毒试验和拒食试验,结果如下:大籽蒿、黄花蒿、猪毛蒿具有较强的触杀作用,粗提物浓度为10mg/mL时,触杀杀虫活性以大籽蒿三氯甲烷的粗提物最高,其72h的校正死亡率为73.33%。胃毒杀虫活性普遍不高,最高的为猪毛蒿丙酮粗提物,其72h校正死亡率也仅为40%。拒食活性就溶剂而言,三氯甲烷活性较高。就植物而言,以野艾蒿为最好,其乙醇、三氯甲烷、石油醚、丙酮粗提物24h拒食率分别达到68.98%、75.84%、78.58%、70.26%,48h的拒食率分别达到75.30%、87.67%、89.33%、80.31%。

Three methods of extraction were selected to obtain extracts from Artemisia annua,Artemisia sieversiana,Artemisia mogolica,Artemisia scoparia,Artemisia lavandulaefolia in the text at first,and Ultrasonic-extraction was used to primary assaying of toxicities.Furthermore four solvent were selected to obtain extracts from five plants,and the test results in contact toxity test,stomach poison test and antifeeding anctivity test were followed： Artemisia sieversiana,Artemisia annua,Artemisia scoparia had better contact toxicity effect.When the extract concentration was 10mg/mL,Dichloromethane extracts of Artemisia mongolica Fisch.et Bess.had the best contact toxicity activity and 72 hour correcting mortality was 73.33%.The stomach poison activity were low generally.The best Petroleum ether extract of Artemisia scoparia Waldst.et Kit.the 72 hour correcting mortality was just 40%.Dichloromethane had the better antifeeding activity.The 24h correcting mortality of ethyl alcohol.Dichloromethane,Propanone,Petroleumetherthe antifeeding activity of Artemisia lavandulaefolia respectively 68.98%,75.84%,78.58%,70.26%.The 48h correcting mortality of ethyl alcohol Dichloromethane,Propanone,Petroleum ether the antifeeding activity of Artemisia lavandulaefolia respectively 75.30%,87.67%,89.33%,80.31%.