酒依赖住院患者血清钾浓度变化分析

CHANGES IN THE SERUM POTASSIUM CONCENTRATION OF HOSPITALIZED PATIENTS WITH ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE

目的:了解酒依赖住院患者在不同时段中血清钾浓度变化情况及发生低血钾的相关危险因素。方法:应用XD-684电解质分析仪,对符合CCMD-3诊断标准酒依赖的住院患者183例,分别于新入院、入院一周、入院一个月测定其血清钾浓度,并与120例健康者组成的对照组进行比较。结果:在183例酒依赖患者中,入院时查出低血钾症者51例(27.9%),低血钾发生率显著高于正常对照组(P<0.01)。住院一周时酒依赖患者血清钾平均浓度仍显著低于正常对照组(P<0.01);住院一周及住院一个月酒依赖患者血清钾平均浓度与新入院患者比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);住院一个月与住院一周酒依赖患者血清钾平均浓度比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);住院一个月酒依赖患者血清钾浓度基本恢复正常,与正常对照组比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄≥45 a的酒依赖患者中低血钾发生率显著高于<45 a酒依赖患者(P<0.01);伴随有躯体疾病的酒依赖患者中,低血钾发生率显著高于未伴随有躯体疾病的酒依赖患者(P<0.01);进食状况较差的酒依赖患者中,低血钾发生率显著高于进食状况较好的酒依赖患者(P<0.01);平均日饮酒量≥500 g的酒依赖患者中,低血钾发生率显著高于平均日饮酒量<500 g的酒依赖患者(P<0.01);饮酒史≥15 a的酒依赖患者中,低血钾发生率显著高于饮酒史<15 a的酒依赖患者(P<0.01)。结论:酒依赖患者低血钾发生率显著高于正常人,酒依赖患者在住院的不同时段中血清钾浓度有不同程度的变化。年龄大、伴随有躯体疾病、进食状况较差、日饮酒量大及饮酒时间长的酒依赖患者发生低血钾的危险性增加。因此,酒依赖患者应常规进行血清钾浓度的检测,早诊断,早治疗。

Objective：To explore among the hospitalized patients with alcohol dependence on the changes in the serum potassium concentration at different periods in hospital,and risk factors causing low serum potassium.Methods：The serum potassium concentration of 183 hospitalized patients with alcohol dependence was measured at the peroid of entering hospital,a week and a month after inhospital with XD-684 Electrolyte Analyzer.The patients all met the diagnostic criteria of CCMD-3 about alcohol dependence.The serum potassium concentration of 120 healthy subjects was also measured for comparison.Results：Among 183 patients,51 patients（27.9%） had low serum potassium when they entered hosptial,which showed significant difference when compared with the control group（P0.01）.After a week inhospital,the patients also showed lower level of serum potassium concentration compared with the control group（P0.01）.The average concentrations of serum potassium of the patients at differenct peroids were compared,which indicated significant difference（P0.01）.After a month inhospital,the patients＇ serum potassium concentration turned normal,which showed no sinificant difference when compared with the control group（P 0.05）.The rates of low serum potassium were higher in the patients aged ≥ 45（P0.01）;the patients with physical diseases（P0.01）;patients with poor eating status（P0.01）;patients with average daily drinking volume ≥ 500 g（P0.01） and patients with a drinking history of ≥ 15 a（P0.01）.Conclusion：The rate of alcohol-dependent patients with low serum potassium was significantly higher than the normal.The serum potassium concentrations of alcohol-dependent patients will change as they are inhospital.Older age,accompanied with physical illness,poor eating conditions,heavy drinking and a long history of alcohol drinking are risk factors causing low serum potassium.We suggest that alcohol-dependent patients should take routine test of serum potassium concentration,have early diagnosis and early treatment.