不同微生物菌剂对猪粪堆肥效果的影响

Effect of Inoculating Different Microbial Agent on Composting Process of Swine Manure

将猪粪与水稻秸秆按一定比例混合(调节原料C/N在20～30之间),然后接种3种不同的微生物菌剂(EM菌种、群林菌剂、采禾菌剂)进行好氧堆肥,通过分析不同处理堆肥过程中温度、pH、含水率变化及堆肥前后全氮、硝态氮、氨态氮、速效磷、速效钾、有机质、C/N、T值、E4/E6等指标来研究不同微生物菌剂对猪粪堆肥效果的影响。结果表明:3种微生物菌剂均能促进堆肥的腐熟;与对照相比,3种微生物菌剂均有利于促进堆体迅速升温及提高堆体pH,其中CH菌剂升温效果最显著,QL处理pH上升最快;堆肥结束时CH处理含水量最低;3种微生物菌剂均能够减少堆肥过程氮素的损失,CH菌剂保氮效果最显著;与对照相比,CH处理速效钾含量增加,其它2个处理含量减少;3个处理速效磷含量均增加,但三者之间差异不显著;有机质含量均有提高,但QL、CH处理与对照差异显著,EM处理差异不显著;3种菌剂处理堆肥C/N、T值、E4/E6均有降低,且与对照差异显著。综合而言,3种微生物菌剂中CH菌剂处理效果最佳,能够显著加速堆肥进程。

The effect of three different microbial agents（EM microbial agent,QL microbial agent,CH microbial agent）inoculant on pig manure composting were studied.The change of temperature,pH,moisture content was measured during composting process.In addition,the content of total nitrogen,nitrate nitrogen,ammoniacal nitrogen,available potassium,available phosphorus,organic matter,and C/N,T value,E4/E6 were surveyed and analyzed at the end of composting.The results showed that all of the three different microbial agents were beneficial to fermentation of swine manure.Microbial agents were helpful to heat and improve pH of composting.Of all the three agents,CH agent could significantly raise temperature,improve pH and decrease moisture content.Loss of nitrogen could decrease by inoculating microbial agents and effect of CH agent was significant.Compared with control,CH agent could significantly increase content of available potassium,available phosphorus and organic matter.C/N ratio,T value and E4/E6 were significantly decreased by inoculating different microbial agents.In general,CH microbial agent is the best of the three different microbial agents and can obviously accelerate the maturity progress of composting.