公司的法律本质探析——以一人公司为视角

An Analysis of Company's Legal Nature from the Perspective of One-Person Company

关于公司的法律本质学术界历来有争议,而一人公司的出现又对传统公司理论提出了挑战。法人拟制说与法人实在说在哲学语义上存在着结合的可能性,一人公司的发展史体现了两种学说的统一,一人公司是以契约关系维系的客观实在,其拥有独立人格的原因在于法律拟制,一人公司例证了两种学说能够通过相互补充,共同揭示公司的法律本质:公司是为实现社会价值,通过法律拟制而具有独立法人资格的契约性组织。

There is always a controversial argument on the legal nature of company in the academic circles,and the emerging of one-person company poses challenge to the traditional corporation theory.It is possible to combine imitation theory of the legal person with reality theory of the legal person from the perspective of philosophical semantics.So the development of one-person company reflects the unity of the two theories.One-person company is the objective reality sustained by contractual relationship and its independent personality results from legal imitation.Also one-person company proves that the two theories mutually supplements and jointly shows the legal nature of company: the contractual organization of the independent legal qualification through legal imitation with the purpose of realizing social value.