公祭、文化遗产与民间信仰——以天津市G镇三霄娘娘信仰的恢复为例

Public Memorial Ceremony,Cultural Heritage and Folk Belief——Exemplified by the Belief of Sanxiao Empress in Town G Tianjin

改革开放以来,尤其是进入新世纪以来,政府的公祭活动与民间信仰的恢复一同成为学者瞩目的焦点。随着非物质文化遗产制度及其实践的展开,各种民间信仰也获得了空前的发展机遇。天津市G镇三霄娘娘信仰的恢复过程说明了国家公祭活动以及非物质文化遗产制度对于三霄娘娘信仰恢复的促进作用。换句话说,公祭活动与非物质文化遗产制度代表了国家的价值诉求,而在此之下,民间信仰仍然按照原来固有的逻辑在国家的价值诉求之下寻求生存与发展的空间。

Since the policy of reform and open has been implemented,especially from 21st century governmental public memorial ceremony as well as folk belief has been refocused by scholars.With the unfolding of the institution and practice of intangible cultural heritage,various folk beliefs get an unprecedented opportunity as well.The rejuvenation of Belief of Sanxiao Empress in Town G Tianjin illustrated the facilitation by national public memorial ceremony and the institution of intangible cultural heritage.In another way,the public memorial ceremony and intangible cultural heritage represent national worth claim.Folk belief is still seeking survival and developmental space according to the original logic under this guidance.