煤矿安全管理体系缺失和不安全行为研究

Research on Coal Mine Safety System Deficiencies and Unsafe Acts

现阶段我国煤矿的安全技术、生产设备都有大幅提高,但事故发生率仍居高不下,其主要原因是安全管理体系的缺失和存在不安全行为。为预防事故的发生,研究煤矿安全管理体系和不安全行为是十分必要的。为此,构建适合分析煤矿安全管理体系缺失和不安全行为的HFACS框架。按照HFACS框架,采用SPSS13.0对515起煤矿伤亡事故发生的原因进行整理分类,运用χ2检验和让步比(OR)分析安全管理体系缺失情况,不安全行为发生的原因,以及两者之间的内在联系。研究结果表明,安全管理体系缺失主要表现在管理文化的缺失和监督不充分,不安全行为主要表现在决策差错和习惯性违规。安全管理体系缺失是导致不安全行为的潜在根本原因。

Although there are great improvements in safety technologies and equipments in China＇s coal mines,the fatality rate remains high without reduction.This phenomenon is mainly caused by safety system deficiencies and unsafe acts.Therefore,it is necessary to study the causes for coalmine safety system deficiencies and unsafe acts to reduce and prevent incidents and accidents.Firstly,HFACS framework fit to analyze safety system deficiencies and unsafe acts in coal mine was built.Then the causes for 515 coal mining incidents and accidents were categorized by SPSS13.0 under the HFACS framework.Lastly,safety system deficiencies,causes for unsafe acts and their interrelationships were tested by Chi Square and Odds Ratio.The results show that safety system deficiencies mainly exist in the organizational culture deficiencies and inadequate supervision,and decision errors and routine violations are the most common categories of unsafe acts.However,safety system deficiencies are the potential fundamental causes for unsafe acts.