三江源地区饮水安全问题探讨

Discussion on security of drinking water in Sanjiangyuan region

应用青海省2005年和2009年两年度三江源饮水不安全人口数据,利用ArcGis9.3软件建立三江源地区农牧区饮水安全地理信息系统,分析了三江源地区饮水安全现状。结果表明:三江源地区普遍存在饮水不安全的问题,2009年饮水不安全人口达到总人口的一半;同时农牧民饮水不安全人口分布具有局部集中的现象,其中分布比较集中的区域为玉树州东南部地区、果洛州中部地区、海南州和黄南州的地区;饮水不安全人口占总人口的比例比较高的区域为:玉树州的东南部地区与果洛州的中部地区,到达0.6以上;三江源地区饮水不安全的主要类型是用水方便性差和水质不合格,另外水量不足、保证率不足等不安全类型也普遍存在。

The purpose of this article is to analyze the situation and reasons of security of drinking water.Survey data of insecurity of drinking water for every village conducted by water conservancy instituttoins were used in this study,and the geographic information systems of security of drinking water were constructed by using ArcGis9.3 software.By comparing the data in 2005 and 2009,the article draw the following conclusions： Although the population of insecurity drinking water decrease significantly,but it still reach 50% of the total population;the areas of concentrated population of insecurity of drinking water are the southeastern region of Yushu prefecture,the central region of Golog prefecture,and the counties of Hainan and Huangnan prefectures,which are relatively high population density areas.Although the Government of Qinghai Province focused on the project of secure drinking water in Sanjiangyuan region,in recent years,the status of insecurity of drinking water in Sanjiangyuan region is still more serious than the developed areas.The main categories of insecurity are inconvenience of water use and poor in water quality,insufficient water quantity and low guarantee level generally exist.