生物机械力对血管重构的影响及机制

The Effects of Biomechanical Stress on Vascular Remodeling and Its Mechanism

生物机械力的作用到处存在,在人的生命过程中对发育、生长、疾病等都起到重要作用。生物机械力是如何作用于机体并引发一系列生理病理的变化一直是人们关注的焦点。相关研究在许多领域已经取得较好的进展,在心血管研究方面尤其如此。例如,人们初步认识到血压升高或血管构筑改变导致血流动力学改变既可为引起血管疾病的始动因素,又可为维持或加速疾病变化的终极成分,并成为比任何生长因子或致病多肽对血管结构和功能影响更加明显的独立危险因子。本文将结合我们自己的部分工作,就机械力对血管结构、功能影响及相关信号转导机制做一个简要介绍。

Biomechanical stress existing in the human body plays a pivotal role in the progression of human develop- ment, growth or diseases. But how the mechanical stress acts on the organism leading to a series of changed pathophysiol- ogy is an attractive issue. Significantly advanced progresses concerning mechanical stress-related tissue or cell remodeling have been made in the recent years, especially in cardiovascular area. For instance, we already realized that mechanical stress resulted from increased blood pressure （e. g. hypertension） or abnormal hemodynamics due to altered angioarchitec- ture （ e. g. atherosclerosis） may not only be an initiator but also be a terminator in the development, maintenance or promo- tion of the cardiovascular diseases. Thus, mechanical stress as an independent risk factor has more obviously deleterious effects on changed structure and function of blood vessels compared with most of other growth factors and active polypep- tides. This review will focus on the current advances from our and other investigators regarding the effects of mechanical stress on normal structure, function, and diseases of blood vessels.