江苏省泰兴市2005～2010年肺结核病流行特征分析

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Taixing between 2005 and 2010

目的了解泰兴市肺结核流行病学特征，为预防和控制肺结核提供科学依据。方法基于结核病登记报告系统，对泰兴市2005--2010年肺结核疫情资料进行分析。结果2005--2010年，泰兴市新登记肺结核5356例，平均新登记报告率为72．99／10万，共检出涂阳患者3089例，阳性率22．74％，其中新发涂阳患者2328例，年平均登记率为31．73／10万；男性发病率84．49／10万，女性发病率43．98／10万，男女性别比2．46：1，差异有统计学意义；除O～3岁年龄组外，其他年龄组均有发病，以55--64岁年龄组最多，占发病总人数的20．09％；职业分布中，农民位居第一，占发病总数的57．37％，工人20．03％，学生3．58％（初高中学生肺结核占学生肺结核总数的73．96％）；以二季度、三季度发现病例较多，但时间分布的季节性特征不强。结论泰兴肺结核防控形势依然严峻，初高中学生肺结核疫情不容忽视，应当高度重视老年人肺结核病的防治工作，采取综合性措施控制当地结核病疫情。

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of tuberculosis in Taix- ing city and provide a scientific basis for tuberculosis prevention and control. Methods Registration data of tuberculosis in Taixing from 2005 to 2010 were analyzed. Results A total of 5356 newly- reported tuberculosis cases were registered in Taixing from 2005 to 2010 with the average annual in- cidence rate at 72,： 99/100 000. Totally, there were 3089 smear positive patients, among which 22. 74 % were new smear positive patients. The incidence rate was 84.49/100 000 in males and 43.98/ 100000 in females respectively with the sex ratio of 2.46：1 （~2 = 874.97, P 〈 0.05）. Patients were found in different age groups except for those less than 3 years old. Most patients were aged between 55 and 64, accounting for 20.09 % of all reported cases. The occupational distribution analysis revealed that farmers,＂ workers and students accounted for a large part, with the proportion at 57.37 %, 20.03 % and 3.58 % respectively. Though a little more cases were reported in the sec- ond and third quarter, the seasonal distribution was not significant. Conclusion Tuberculosis pre- vention and control should not be neglected in Taixing. More focuses should be put on students and the elderly people with more comprehensive measures and strategies.