遥感与分形理论在确定水利工程生态环境影响评价范围中的应用

Application of remote sensing and fractal theory in determining evaluation scope of eco-environmental impact of water conservancy projects

以观音堂水利工程为例,采用遥感技术和分形理论,初步构建了定量评价水利工程建设区陆面生态环境影响评价范围的基本框架。应用遥感影像数据进行解译,归类得到建设区各类生态环境影响模地,经生态优势度计算得出观音堂水利工程建设区林地拼块的优势度高达88.11%,通程度也高(Td=86.51%,Tf=92.30%),是生态质量受影响的控制性绝对优势组分;生态系统分形规律的标区明显,形成了一个相对孤立的生态系统。依据主要生态影响及其变化程度,确定该工程生态环境影响评价范围的面积为67.4 km2。

Taking Guanyintang Water Conservancy Project as an example, the basic framework for quantitatively assessing the evaluation scope of eeo-enviromnent impact of water conservancy projects was preliminarily established by use of the remote sensing technique and the fraetal theory. Through the interpretation of remote sensing image data, the molds of various eco-environment impacts in the construction area were classified. The value of dominance of forest pieces in the construction are of Guanyintang Water Conservancy Project was up to 88.11% by calculating the ecological donfinance. The degrees of density and frequency of the forest pieces （ Td = 86.51%, Tf = 92.30% ） were also high. They were the controlling absolute advantage components of the affected ecological quality. The marked area of the fractal ecological system was significant, and a relatively isolated ecosystem was formed. According to the main ecological impact and change, the evaluation scope of Guanyintang Water Conservancy Project was determined to be in an area of 67.4 km2.