新疆和田和吐鲁番地区60～100岁老人环境与疾病相关因素的研究

Investigation of 60 to 100 years old on environment effect factor and disease related factors in Hotan and Turpan regions of Xinjiang

目的探讨新疆和田,吐鲁番地区60岁以上老人各类疾病与环境因素的关系。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对新疆和田地区洛浦县、墨玉县、和田县(以下简称3个县)和吐鲁番县(对照)共1 484例老人进行问卷调查和体格检查。结果 (1)和田地区3个县和吐鲁番县老年人疾病比较,中风、狭窄性心脏病、肺源性心脏病差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)和田地区3个县燃烧烟煤与狭窄性心脏病发生有关。和田地区3个县室内燃烧木柴与高血压、中风、狭窄性心脏病、肺源性心脏病、高血压心脏病之间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)燃烧烟煤和慢性支气管炎、狭窄性心脏病之间均存在相关关系(P<0.05),和肺气肿、高血压、中风、肺源性心脏病、高血压性心脏病均无相关关系(P>0.05);燃烧木柴和以上7种疾病之间均无相关关系(P>0.05)。(4)Logistic回归分析对高血压性心脏病最后进入方程的影响因素有肠寒、坏血病、肺心病和眩晕,对中风最后进入方程的影响因素有淋病、消化性溃疡、先天性心脏病和紧张因素。结论新疆和田地区燃烧烟煤、木柴,引起室内空气的烟雾污染,对60岁以上老人的健康有一定程度的影响,对高血压性心脏病和中风曾患疾病也产生影响。

Objective To investigate the ralationship between types of diseases and environmental factors of elders over the age of 60 in Hotan,Turpan region.Methods Investigated 1 484 cases of old man in Lopu,Moyu,Hetian countries in Hetian area（shorter formed 3 countries） and Turpan Prefecture（control） by stratified cluster sampling method,including questionnaire survey and physical examination.Results（1） The differences of stroke,stenosis cardiology,pulmonary heart disease between 3 countries in Hetian area and Turpan country were statistically significant（P0.05）;（2） The burning bituminous coal was ralated with the occurrence of narrow heart disease in three counties in Hotan.In the three counties in Hetian,indoor burning of wood and high blood pressure,stroke,narrow heart disease,pulmonary heart disease were no statistical significance between hypertensive heart disease（P0.05）.（3） Burning of bituminous coal and chronic bronchitis,stenosis cardiology were ralated（P0.05）,while the other 5 diseases were not（P0.05）;Burning of wood was not related with other 7 diseases.（4） The Logistic regression analysis of hypertensive heart disease showed that in the last factor into the equation were intestinal cold,scurvy,pulmonary heart disease and dizziness,the last stroke into the equation for the impact of factors were gonorrhea,peptic ulcer disease,congenital heart disease and stress factors.Conclusion Prefecture burning bituminous coal,wood,the smoke caused by indoor air pollution on the health of elderly people aged over 60 have some degree of influence in Hetian area.