含水量及添加剂对高冰草青贮饲料品质的影响

Effects of moisture content and additives on the quality of Agropyron elongatum silage

本试验旨在研究含水量以及添加蔗糖、甲酸对高冰草青贮饲料品质的影响,探究优质高冰草青贮饲料的调制方式。试验选用结实期间的高冰草为原料,原料含水量分为鲜贮与晾晒2个处理,添加剂设置对照、添加甲酸、添加蔗糖3个处理。不使用任何添加剂为对照,甲酸添加量为6mL/kg,蔗糖添加量为2%,袋装青贮360d。结果表明,高冰草青贮时,原料进行晾晒,青贮饲料的pH显著增加(P<0.05)。晾晒处理减少乳酸(P<0.05)和氨态氮(P<0.01)的生成,增加乙酸的生成(P<0.05)。添加甲酸能够极显著降低高冰草青贮饲料的pH(P<0.01),提高乳酸的生成量(P<0.01),减少乙酸的生成(P<0.05)。添加蔗糖能够显著降低高冰草青贮饲料的pH(P<0.05)和乙酸的含量(P<0.01),提高乳酸生成(P<0.01)。添加甲酸或蔗糖都能够极显著降低高冰草青贮饲料的氨态氮含量(P<0.01)。晾晒、添加甲酸或蔗糖对高冰草青贮饲料的CP、NDF、ADF、Ash、EE等养分含量和干物质保存率没有显著的影响,并且对硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐含量也没有显著影响。与原料相比,硝酸盐含量下降48%～53%,亚硝酸盐含量有所增加。

The effects of moisture content and additives on the quality of Agropyron elongatum silage and the best way to ferment A.elongatum silage were investigated.Fresh or wilted A.elongatum at the seeding stage were ensiled in bags for 360 d with CK,sucrose（2%）,or formic acid（6 mL/kg）.The pH increased significantly in the wilted silage.The wilting treatment led to a reduction in lactic acid and ammonia nitrogen contents,but to an increase in acetic acid content.The formic acid treatment resulted in a decrease in pH and the formation of acetic acid,but an increase in lactic acid content.Adding sugar led to a decrease in silage pH and acetic acid content,but to an increase in lactate production.Wilting or adding acid or sucrose had little impact on CP,NDF,ADF,Ash,EE,nitrate,and nitrite content,and dry matter recovery of A.elongatum silage.The nitrate content decreased by 48%-53%,while nitrite content increased.