行距对“川草2号”老芒麦生殖枝及种子产量性状的影响

Influences of row spacing on fertile tillers and characters of seed yield of Elymus sibiricus cv.Chuancao No.2

试验对30,45,60,75,90cm五个行距下,老芒麦枝条性状、花序性状、种子产量性状进行比较分析,结果表明,行距首先通过对分蘖数、生殖枝比例、生殖枝数/m2、生殖枝高度、生殖枝直径等有极显著影响,继而造成穗柄长、穗柄直径、穗轴长、小穗数/生殖枝、小花数/生殖枝等差异极显著,最终导致结实率、表现种子产量与实际种子产量的差异;单位面积小花总数、潜在种子产量受行距影响不大且趋于稳定;偏相关分析说明,在行距恒定时,株高是影响结实率的主要因素,花穗柄长度反映小穗数/生殖枝、种子数/生殖枝与实际种子产量,可通过株高与花穗柄长度预测结实率与种子产量;千粒重与其他参数相关性低,是相对稳定的种子性状;行距60cm时,潜在种子产量、表现种子产量和实际种子产量最高,适宜在生产中推广。

A randomized block design was utilized with five row gradients（30,45,60,75,and 90 cm） to measure and analyze the characters of shoots,inflorescence and seed yield of Elymus sibiricus cv.Chuancao No.2.Row spacing had a highly significant affect on tillers,ratio of fertile tillers,fertile tillers per square metre,height of fertile tillers,and diameter of fertile tillers.This resulted in very significant differences among the length and diameter of ear stalks,cob lengths,spikelets and florets per fertile tiller.These results finally led to eventual differences among setting percent,presentation seed yield,and harvested seed yield.However,the total florets per square metre and the potential seed yield were stable at different row spacings.The partial correlation analysis further showed that plant height was the main factor affecting setting percent.The length of inflorescence stalk reflected the spikelets and seeds of fertile tillers and harvested seed yields.Thus we may predict setting percent and seed yield through plant height and length of inflorescence stalks.The 1 000-seed weight and other parameters were relatively stable.Comprehensive experimental data showed that sowing with a row space of 60 cm gave the greatest potential seed yield,presentation seed yield and harvested seed yield,and is therefore recommended to be widely using in practice.