评价理论下对胡锦涛主席访美新闻的话语分析

DISCOURSE ANALYSIS OF THE NEWS ABOUT PRESIDENT HU JINTAO'S VISIT TO THE U.S

政治新闻一直是话语分析者关注的领域,从定量分析到定性分析,从用词、句式到语篇功能、人际意义等均有较多研究,其中以批评性话语分析为主要分析方法,通过情态、及物性、转换等系统功能语法的分析工具揭露意识形态和霸权等。但语言的元功能分析无法触及说话者在语言背后的情感、态度和判断,因此,Martin的评价理论提供了新的尝试。基于其评价理论体系,以2011年1月18日至20日胡锦涛主席访美为背景,英美主流新闻媒体在线报道为语料,尝试从说话者的情感、态度和判断研究入手,挖掘新闻背后的政治目的、意图或立场。这对CDA从词汇、小句层面分析发展到篇章、社会层面研究具有一定的意义。

Political news is a subject that discourse analysts always pay attention to.A great many studies have been done on this subject,from quantitative analysis to qualitative analysis,from wording,sentence structure to discourse function and interpersonal meaning.Most studies are done by means of critical discourse analysis,in which functionalsystemic grammar analytic tools of mood,transitivity,transformation,etc are used to expose ideology and hegemony.However,Meta-analysis of language features can not reveal emotions,attitudes and judgment behind the speeches.Martin's evaluation theory offers a new attempt.Based on his evaluation theoretical system,using President Hu Jintao's visit to U.S.from January 18th to 20th,2011 as background and the online reports of Anglo-American mainstream news media as corpus,this paper is trying to dig out political purposes,intentions or standpoints from the speakers' emotions,attitudes and judgments,which is significant for the development of CDA from the analysis of vocabulary and sentence level to a small chapter and the social dimension.