道教美术之雅俗两重性

Elegance and Secularization in Taoist Paintings

道教美术拥有雅俗双重品格,"雅"是指其符合中国文人的审美需求,蕴涵着厚重的历史文化底蕴,是皇室、贵族崇奉道教的见证者,构成皇室艺术文化的组成部分,具有文化性、文人性、庙堂性与贵族性之特质;"俗"是指它常常侵入普通民众的日常生活之中,与人们的生活工作相胶着,充当普通民众的精神安慰剂。它又处于民间庆典祭祀的中心地位,与民众最欢乐、最庄严的时光共在共融,其内容贴近民众的生活,为世俗民众所喜爱,具有民间性、世俗性、大众性以及草根性之特质。道教美术双重品格的形成是由道教及道教美术自身发展的规律与特点所决定的。

Taoist paintings possess the dual nature of elegance and secularization.Elegance,which contains rich historical cultures,accords with the aesthetic demands of Chinese intellectuals.It is a witness to Taoist beliefs of the imperial and noble houses,and a part of the artistic culture of imperial house,which possesses the unique cultural,aristocratic,intellectual and templelike characteristics.Secularization in Taoist paintings is connected with people＇s life and gives spiritual comfort to the people.It plays a leading role in the folk celebration and takes place in the happiest or the gravest moments in people＇s life,the content of which is closely related to people＇s life and loved by the people.Secularization possesses the unique popular,folklorish,mundane and civilian characteristics.The dual nature of Taoist paintings is determined by the developing characteristics and laws of Taoism and Taoist paintings.