美国宪政生成剖析

Research on the Creation of American Constitutionalism

美国是现代实行宪政的典型性国家,作为一种有特色的制度,则是在长期的法治运作中不断演绎、不断发展而来的。人民主权和限权政府思想是美国宪政赖以生成的思想基础;对英国宪政传统和北美殖民地时期的制度传统继承与发展是其生成的历史基因;资本主义发展的社会需要是美国宪政生成的决定性因素。美国"宪政"包含人民主权、基本人权、分权与制衡和法治等四个基本原则。

America is a typical nation of implementing constitutionalism.As a typical democratic system,the constitutionalism is created in the long term of politic operations.Popular sovereignty and limited power government are the thought foundation of the American constitution;the succession and development of British constitutionalism tradition and the systematic tradition of North American colonial period are the historic reason of the American constitutionalism;and the social need of the capitalism is the decisive reason of the creation of American constitutionalism.The basic principles of the American constitutionalism include popular sovereignty,fundamental human rights,state power division and balance and the rule of law.