酒精所致精神障碍患者个性特征与应对方式

Personality characteristics and coping styles in patients with mental disorder due to use of alcohol

目的:探讨酒精所致精神障碍患者个性特征与应对方式的相关性。方法:运用艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)及应对方式问卷(CSQ)对55例酒精所致精神障碍患者(研究组)和43名无酗酒史的健康人(对照组)进行问卷调查,并对其相关因素进行分析。结果:与对照组相比,研究组的个性以精神质为显著特征;EPQ评分除内外向因子外其他维度如精神质(t=4.75,P<0.001)、神经质(t=4.95,P<0.001)以及掩饰程度(t=-2.47,P<0.015)差异均有统计学意义。两组CSQ评分比较,研究组的应对方式不成熟,以退避(t=9.08,P=0.000)、幻想(t=10.33,P=0.000)和自责(t=8.74,P=0.000)评分较对照组显著增高。相关分析发现,研究组神经质与合理化(r=0.263,P<0.05)、自责(r=0.298,P<0.05)呈正相关;内外向与解决问题(r=0.532,P<0.01)、求助(r=0.582,P<0.01)呈显著正相关,精神质与解决问题(r=-0.270,P<0.05)呈负相关。结论:酒精所致精神障碍患者的应对方式受其个性特征影响。

Objective：To explore the relationship between the personality characteristics and coping styles in patients with mental disorder due to use of alcohol. Method：55 cases of chronic alcoholism（study group） and 43 cases of local citizens without a history of alcohol abuse（control group） were surveyed with coping style questionnaire（CSQ） and Eysenck personality questionnaire（EPQ） ,the relevant factors were analysed. Results：Compared with the control group,the predominate personality characteristics of the study group were psychoticism.There were satistically significant in EPQ score of psychoticism（t=4.75,P0.001） ,neuroticism（t=4.95,P0.001） and lie（t=-2.47,P0.015） except introvision-extrovision factors.Compared the CSQ score between the two group,the coping styles of study group were immature,with characteristic of higher scores in retreat（t= 9.08,P=0.000） and mirage（t= 10.33,P=0.000） and self-accusation（t =8.74,P=0.000） .In the study group,neuroticism was positively correlated with rationalization（r=0.263,P0.05） and self-accusation（r=0.298,P0.05） ,introvision-extrovision was significant positively correlated with solve difficulty（r=0.532,P0.01） and assistance（r=0.582,P0.01） ,psychoticism was negatively correlated with solve difficulty（r=-0.270,P0.05） . Conclusion：Coping styles in patients with mental disorder due to use of alcohol were affected by immature personality characteristics.To promote sound personal qualities can help patients improve their stress level.