输油管道冻胀安全性研究现状与趋势

Progress in the safety study of frost heaving of oil pipeline

中俄原油管道经漠河进入中国,穿越我国北方多年冻土区和季节冻土区,受冻融影响可能引起管道的变形破坏。介绍了国内外高寒冻土区输油管道冻胀安全性问题的研究历程;研究分析了冻胀理论模型:饱和冻土中水分的迁移模型、冰晶体形成原理的一维冻胀模型等;给出了低温环境下管道结构防护的主要工程措施:管道四周回填和允许冻胀法设计;论述了饱和正冻土和非饱和正冻土中的水、热、力耦合模型理论;提出以改善数值物理模型与高性能管道钢材开发为科研攻关的研究方向,为高寒冻土区管道的安全建设和运行提供参考。

Sino-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline enters into China from Mohe,Heilongjiang Province,and it runs across the permafrost region and seasonal permafrost region in the northern part of the country,and possibly,the rigid geology conditions will cause deformation for the pipeline due to the freezing-thawing effect.Therefore,the authors overview the research process and achievements obtained in the safety of frost heaving of oil pipeline at home and abroad,analyze the frost heaving theory models,including the moisture migration model of saturated frozen soil,the one-dimensional frost heave model of ice crystals forming principle,etc..The important protection measures on the pipeline structure at lower temperature,all-position backfilling for pipeline and the design method of permitted freezing technology are recommended.And also,the authors describe the moisture-temperaturestrength coupling model theory of saturated frozen soil and non-saturated frozen soil,and consider that improving the numerical physical models and developing the high-performance pipe materials should be taken as a research field so as to able to provide a reference to the construction and operation of pipelines in frozen soil region.