论跨国公司的法律主体

On Legal Subject of Transnational Corporation

随着国际贸易的发展,跨国公司在其中所起的作用越来越重大,有时甚至可以与国家抗衡。然而,从国际法的理论来看,跨国公司没有国际法的法律主体地位。从发展和开放的眼光看,赋予跨国公司有限的国际法主体地位十分必要。这将有助于改善某些权利的保护,从而可以在全球化的条件下改善国际治理,促进国际社会的可持续发展。但是,在赋予跨国公司有限地位时,必须把握好跨国公司的国际法地位和国家主权的平衡,使其协调发展,并使跨国公司在尊重国家主权的基础上,承担相应的权利和义务。

With the development of international trade,the transnational corporations（TNCs） are playing increasingly important roles and sometimes they even act as the counterweight to a nation.However,from the perspective of international law theory,the TNCs are not in a position to act as legal subject in international law.From an evolving and open-minded perspective,it is necessary to endow TNCs with limited legal subject status in international law.Such limited legal status will be helpful in more protection for certain rights,which thereby can improve the international governance under the premise of globalization and promote the sustainable development of international society.Meanwhile,such limited legal status must ensure the balance between the international law status of TNCs and the national sovereignty for a coordinated development so that the TNCs take on the corresponding rights and duties based on the recognition of national sovereignty.