提高碱水解法制备原人参二醇得率的初步研究

A Preliminary Study on the Improvement of Protopanaxadiol Yield by Alkaline Hydrolysis

目的:提高碱水解法制备原人参二醇的得率。方法:以人参二醇组皂苷为原料,用碱水解法制备原人参二醇,水解产物经硅胶柱层析分离;比较溶剂种类、水解压力和水解时间对原人参二醇得率的影响,从而确定碱水解制备原人参二醇的最佳条件。结果:以异戊醇、正丁醇、正丙醇或丙三醇为溶剂时原人参二醇的得率分别为2.23%、0.93%、0、0;以异戊醇为溶剂,碱水解8 h、16 h、24 h或32 h时原人参二醇得率分别为2.01%、2.63%、3.54%、2.81%;正丁醇常压、正丁醇加压(0.1～0.15 MPa)、异戊醇常压、异戊醇加压(0.1～0.15 MPa)时原人参二醇得率分别为1.10%、0.47%、2.20%、0.77%。结论:碱水解制备原人参二醇的最佳条件是以异戊醇为溶剂,常压,加热回流24 h。

Objective： To raise the yield of protopanaxadiol by alkaline hydrolysis.Methods： The preparation of protopanaxadiol was made by alkaline hydrolysis of protopanaxadiol saponins,with the effects of different solvents,time and pressure on the yield of protopanaxadiol compared.Results： Taking isopentyl alcohol,n-butyl alcohol and n-propanol or glyceryl alcohol as solvents,protopanaxadiol yields were 2.23 %,0.93 %,0,0,respectively.Protopanaxadiol yields,after 8 h,16 h,24 h or 32 h of alkaline hydrolysis,were 2.01 %,2.63 %,3.54 %,2.81 %,respectively.Protopanaxadiol yields,under ordinary pressure of n-butyl alcohol,increased pressure（0.1~0.15 MPa） of n-butyl alcohol,ordinary pressure of isopentyl alcohol and under increased pressure（0.1~0.15 MPa）of isopentyl alcohol,were 1.10 %,0.47 %,2.20 %,0.77 %,respectively.Conclusion： The optimum preparation process of protopanaxadiol by alkaline hydrolysis is that isopentyl alcohol was used as solvent,with 24 hours and ordinary pressure.