采用同核体单孢杂交育种技术选育双孢蘑菇

Agaricus bisporus Cross-breeding Using Monokaryotic Single-spore Isolates

采用同核体单孢杂交育种技术,以低温高产的双1菌株和高温低产的双5菌株为亲本,选育双孢蘑菇优良新品种。通过担孢子分离和同核体的鉴别,获得同核体菌株共20个,同核体间配对杂交组合99个,获得10个杂交异核体菌株;经过菇房、出菇地棚栽培和出菇大棚生产性试验,筛选出高产优质杂交菌株Z1。

Monokaryotic single-spore isolates obtained from the high yield Shuang 1 strain and the low yield, high temperature Shuang 5 strain of Agaricus bisporus were used for breeding new high yielding, elevated temperature tolerant hybrids. Ninety-nine pairings were obtained from 20 monokaryotic spore isolates （11 from Shuang 1 and nine from Shuang 5, identified on the basis of isozyme profiles）, and ten dikaryotic hybrids were obtained. After three cultivation cycles （carried out on a laboratory-scale, in 3 m2 field plots, and in the greenhouse）, two strains designated Z1 and Z3 were selected on the basis of increased yield and increased yield combined with high temperature tolerance, respectively. The potential of strains Z1 and Z3 was demonstrated by cultivating both hybrids on a commercial scale.