应激易化成瘾及复吸的生物学机制

Neurobiological Mechanisms of Stress in Drug Addiction and Relapse

自从1946年Ｂａｌｅｓ开创性地研究社会心理应激与成瘾物质滥用的关系,至今50余年,无论是基于人群的临床流行病学研究,还是动物实验,均证明应激与成瘾及复吸间存在着肯定的正相关关系[1]。动物自身给药(ＳＡ)模型及动物ＳＡ复发模型的建立更是极大地推动了应激与成瘾关系?..

In this review, the possible neurobiological mechanisms of stress in drug addiction and relapse are discussed. Curent evidence suggests that, the adrenal hormones, glucocortiocoids, which increase the sensitivity of mesencephalic dopaminergic neurons to drugs, seem to be one of the biological substrates of the effects of stress on the propensity to develop drug intake. Stress can induce relapse, at least in part, by activating the mesolimbic dopamine system via several paths and subsequently stimulating D2 -dopamine receptors which mediate the appetitive phase of drug reinforcement.