慈北地区强化碘盐与甲状腺疾病的流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological Investigation and Analysis of Iodized Salt and Thyroid Diseases in Cibei Area

目的调查强化碘盐对慈北地区甲状腺疾病流行病学的影响。方法比较慈北地区居民强化碘盐前后碘摄入量、甲亢及其他甲状腺疾病的发病率。结果强化碘盐前,慈北地区居民碘摄入量平均数为每日(64.9±5.7)μg/L;强化碘盐后,碘摄入量平均数增加至(135.6±6.7)μg/L,强化碘盐前后比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。强化碘盐前后慈北地区居民甲亢发病情况及其他甲状腺疾病发病情况比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论慈北地区的碘缺乏病在2006～2010年得到了很好的控制,人群碘营养水平也比较适宜。碘强化时还要特别注意孕妇、母乳中的碘含量。为保障下一代的脑发育和人口素质,必须对碘缺乏地区居民实行碘盐强化,但各地区至少也要建立一个非碘盐销售点,以满足不宜吃碘盐患者的需要。

Objective To investigate the epidemiological impact of iodized salt on thyroid disease in Cibei area. Methods Compared the incidence of hyperthyroidism and other thyroid diseases of residents from Cibei area before and after strengthened iodine salt. Results Before strengthened iodized salt,iodine intake in residents was average of （64.9 ±5.7）μg/L daily;After strengthened iodine salt,average iodine intake increased to （135.6 ±6.7）μg/L and the differences of the two groups were significant（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Iodine deficiency disorders in Cibei area of 2006 to 2010 is a very good control,and iodine nutrition level is more appropriate. During the enhancement of iodized salt,it should pay special attention to iodine content in breast milk and pregnant women. To protect the next generation of brain development and the quality of the population, it must be imposed on residents in iodine deficiency areas en- hancement of iodized salt,but the region also has to built up at least one non-iodized salt sales point to meet the needs of patients who should not eat iodized salt.