重新评估《枕中记》的思想价值

Reevaluation on the Ideological Value of Pillow Note

《枕中记》的主题既不是人生如梦,富贵如烟,也不是什么暴露官场险恶和讽刺封建文人热衷功名利禄,或是"劝人不要躁进",而是教谕人们什么是人生幸福和怎样去实现人生幸福,思想倾向并不消极。其思想价值一是提出了"适"这个重要的人生哲学范畴,揭示了人生幸福的构成要素以及幸福模式多元并存的特点;二是肯定了劳动,肯定了劳动人民生活,特别是普通农民生活的价值;三是强调"窒欲",主张现实中的问题在现实中解决,反映了一种积极的人生态度;四是再现开元盛世的历史真实,折射出作者对现实政治的强烈不满。

The theme of Pillow Note is not the dreamlike human life or the illusion and nothingness of wealth. It does not expose the inclemency of official circles,or satire feudal literary scholars＇ desire to pursue fame and wealth,but teach people what a happy life is and how to realize it. So the ideological tendency is not negative. Its ideological value lies in four aspects. First, it puts forwards an important life philosophy -- being medium,showing the constitutive elements of human happiness and the features of happiness modes which are in co-existence multiply. Second, it recognizes labor, laborers＇ life, especially the value of ordinary peasant life. Third, it stresses the concept of ＂desire restraining＂ and advocates solving the practical problems in reality, reflecting an active attitude towards life. Fourth, it re-shows the historical reality of Kaiyuan Heyday,mirroring the author＇s strong dissatisfaction with political reality.