字形特征对汉字文化圈中高级水平学习者书写汉字的影响——基于“HSK动态作文语料库”的观察

Effects of Formal Features on the Intermediate and Advanced Learners from the Chinese Character Culture Zone in Writing Characters:An Observation Based on the HSK Composition Corpus

本文通过对"HSK动态作文语料库"中汉字的使用情况进行统计分析发现,在汉字文化圈中高级汉语水平学习者的书写任务中,笔画数效应显著,部件数效应和结构类型效应不显著。这三个字形因素对学习者书写汉字的影响程度不同。从错误率的平均值来看:独体字错误率显著低于合体字错误率;上下结构、左右结构、包围结构字的错误率递增。少笔画、中笔画独体字错误率显著低于多笔画独体字错误率,少笔画、中笔画和多笔画合体字的书写错误率显著递增。2部件、3部件、多部件合体字的错误率依次递增。

The results of an investigation of the character use by the intermediate and advanced learners from countries of the Chinese character culture zone show that the effect of stroke numbers on their character writing is statistically significant while that of component numbers and structure types statistically insignificant. It is observed that the miswritten probability mean of single-component characters is lower than that of multi-component ones; among the latter ones, the error probability increases progressively from the top-bottom structured characters to the left-right structured ones and to the enclosing-enclosed structured one; and among the single characters, the error probability of those with fewer and average strokes is lower than those with multi-strokes and the error probability increases progressively from the fewer stroked ones to average stroked ones and to the multi-stroked ones. Similarly, among the multi-component characters, the error probability increases progressively from the two-component ones to the three-component ones and to the more component ones.