人工湿地中几种水生植物的筛选研究

Study on Selection of Several Aquatic Plants in Constructed Wetland

对人工湿地系统中的打碗子、灯心草、美人蕉、芦竹这4种水生植物进行试验研究,分别比较它们的除污效能及生长情况,以筛选出适合重庆地区生长且处理污水效能高的水生植物。试验结果表明:栽种不同水生植物的人工湿地渗滤床系统对COD的去除率差别不大,对磷的去除率也无显著差异,水生植物的脱氮效能排序为:打碗子>美人蕉>灯心草>芦竹,即栽种打碗子和美人蕉的湿地系统对氨氮和总氮的去除效果较好。相比较而言,打碗子和美人蕉比较适合应用于重庆地区的人工湿地处理系统。

The experimental research on Coix lacryma-jobi L, Jancus effuses, Canna indica and Arundo donax was carried out in constructed wetland, and their treatment efficiency of pollutants and the growth characteristics were compared respectively to select the aquatic plants suitable for growth in Chongqing area and having efficient sewage treatment. The experimental results show that the aquatic plants in constructed wetland have little difference in the removal rate of COD and a non-significant difference in the removal rate of phosphorus. The nitrogen removal efficiencies of the aquatic plants are in the following sequence： Coix lacryma-jobi L 〉 Canna indica 〉 Jancus effuses 〉 Arundo donax. The construeted wetlands in which Coix lacryma-jobi L and Canna indica are planted have a higher treatment efficiency of NH3 - N and TN, so the two kinds of plants are suitable for application in Chongqing area.