黄土高原六道沟流域8种植物根际细菌与AMF群落多样性研究

Community Diversity of Bacteria and Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Eight Plants in Liudaogou Watershed on the Loess Plateau China

采用末端限制性片段长度多态性(terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism,T-RFLP)方法,研究了神木县六道沟流域8种植物根际细菌与丛枝菌根真菌(arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi,AMF)群落多样性及其相互关系.目的是获得有关植物根际细菌和AMF群落的多样性指数,为生态环境修复提供科学依据.结果表明,8种植物根际细菌和AMF的种类和数量有较大差异,其中刺槐根际细菌的Shannon指数最高(4.01),垂柳最低(2.18),根际AMF的Shannon指数最高为小叶杨(2.07),最低为沙棘(1.21);聚类分析(cluster analysis)和冗余分析(redundancy analysis)结果表明,不同植物根际细菌和AMF的群落结构有较大差异,但同时部分植物间也存在相似性;8种植物根际细菌和AMF的多样性指数总体呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01);冗余分析结果表明在根际土壤环境因子中,对根际微生物群落多样性影响最大的环境因子为有机质含量.植物种类和根际环境对根际微生物群落结构有较大影响,同时,刺槐的根际细菌和AMF群落多样性指数均较高,故可作为六道沟流域植被恢复的先锋树种.

Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism （T-RFLP） was used to examine the community diversity of bacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi （AMF） and their interrelation in the rhizosphere of 8 plants in the Liudaogou watershed in Shenmu County. The objective was to obtain diversity indices and provide theoretical basis for ecological restoration. Results showed significant variations in the species and abundances of rhizospheric bacteria and AMF associated with 8 plants. Among these, the Shannon diversity index of rhizospheric bacteria was the highest for Robinia pseudoacacia （4.01） and the lowest for Salix babylonica （2.18）, whereas the Shannon diversity index of rhizospheric AMF was the highest for Populus simonii （2.07） and the lowest for Hippophae rhamnoides （1.21）. Cluster analysis and redundancy analysis indicated a significant difference in associated microbial community structure, while the similarity among community diversity of rhizospheric bacteria and AMF associated with specific plants was also found. There was a significant correlation between diversity indices of bacteria and AMF （P〈0.01）. Associated microbial community diversity was influenced primarily by organic matter and total nitrogen content. Our work demonstrated strong impacts of plant species and rhizospheric environment on associated microbial community structure. Due to the high diversity indices of rhizospheric bacteria and AMF, R. pseudoacacia was considered to be a pioneer plant species for vegetation restoration in the Liudaogou watershed.