汉语方言t类复数标记的来源

The Origin of the Plural Marker t in the Chinese Dialects

三身代词的t类复数标记主要存在于长江中下游地区的汉语方言中。与周边方言的比较可以证明,这类单音节复数标记的源头是短语形式的复数标记:cti、·ti来自"几个"的省略,·tin、·tio、·tiε来自"几个/几个人"的合音和弱化。而·tso、·tsε则可能来自·tio、·tε的音变。

The plural marker tc of personal pronouns mainly exists in the dialects of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze（扬子）. Compared with the nearby dialects, it is proved that such monosyllabic plural markers come from phrasal plural markers： tci, tci from the ellipsis of Jige（几个） and .tcin, .tcio, .tcie from the sound combination and weakening ofJige/Jige ren （几个/几个人）. However, -tso, .tsε probably comes from the sound change of .tcio and .tciε.