化学品快速生物降解性六种经典测试方法的技术要点比对

A Comparative Study of Six Classical Test Methods of Chemicals for Ready Biodegradability

通过分析化学品快速生物降解性六种经典测试方法的试验原理、适用范围和技术要点,指出测试机构应根据受试物质的性质选择适当的测试方法,其中,301A和301E两种方法只适用于易溶于水、不易挥发、不易吸附的物质;301B不适用于易挥发的物质;采用301C,301D,301F三种方法测含氮受试物质时,应校正硝化作用的氧消耗。比对了不同方法受试物质的前处理、添加、仪器设备、试验操作、取样要求,指出要获得有效的测试数据,应设计出有针对性的试验方案,采用合适的试验装置,并分析试验水质、分散性、试验容器等因素对结果异常和干扰的影响。

By analyzing the experimental principle, scope of application and technique key points of the six classical test methods of ready biodegradability, it was pointed out that the test agency should select suited test method according to test substance characteristics. The 301A and 301E methods can only be applied to test substance which is soluble in water, non-volatile and non-adsorbable; the 301B method cannot be applied to test volatile substance; when the 301C, 301D and 301F methods are applied to test substance containing nitrogen, the oxygen consumption of nitrification should be corrected. After comparing the tested materials preliminary treatment, adding, apparatus, test operation and sampling requirements of the six test methods, it was indicates that the obtaining of valid test data needed design of appropriate test program and adoption of appropriate apparatus, and the effect of such factors as test water quality, dispersion, apparatus on abnormal results and interference should be analyzed.