污染场地环境风险的工程控制技术及其应用

Engineering Control Technologies and Its Application in the Risk Management for Contaminated Sites

工程控制技术通过限制场地污染物的迁移扩散控制污染风险,由于成本低、风险控制效果好,在国外污染场地风险控制中应用比较广泛。目前国内污染场地治理仍主要采用高成本的清除修复手段,工程控制等技术应用很少。为推动工程控制技术在我国污染场地的应用,介绍了工程控制技术的主要类型及其技术原理,并结合美国超级基金场地20多年来的应用情况,探讨了工程控制技术的应用及发展趋势。基于污染场地应用案例,总结了各类工程控制技术的应用频率和污染风险控制效果。我国污染场地数量众多,污染情况复杂,而修复资金有限,对所有场地都实施清除修复不太现实。因此,非常有必要开展工程控制技术研究及应用,完善我国污染场地风险控制技术体系。

Engineering control technologies pollution migration control, and have been ECTs ） can reduce the risk from the contaminated sites through dely used in foreign contaminated sites for over 20 years due to low cost and good risk control effect. However, in China, the most applied technologies in contaminated sites are remediation technologies which are usually expensive. ECTs and other technologies are seldom applied. In order to promote the application of ECTs in contaminated sites of china, the major types and the technical principles of ECTs were reviewed. According to the application in US superfund sites over 20 years, ECTs development and application trends were discussed. Based on the case studies of ECTs application, the effects of pollution risk control of various technologies and the application frequency were summarized. There are a large number of contaminates sites in china, and the pollutants and site conditions are diversity and complicated. It is impractical to remedy all contaminated sites due to limited availability of funds for remediation. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out ECTs research and application to improve technology system of contaminated site risk management of China.