番茄穴盘育苗低成本无土基质筛选的研究

Study on the Selection of Low-cost Soilless Nursery Substrates for Tomato Plug Seedling

利用废菇料、玉米秸、锯末、炉渣、牛粪、珍珠岩、蛭石、细沙等原材料,按照不同的组合和比例配制成10种复合基质,用于番茄(满田2185)穴盘育苗,研究不同基质栽培番茄的幼苗长势和质量,以筛选出用于番茄穴盘育苗的低成本无土基质。结果表明:基质3(珍珠岩、蛭石体积比为1∶1)和基质4(草炭、蛭石、废菇料体积比为1∶1∶1)的育苗效果明显优于CK(草炭、蛭石体积比为2∶1),番茄幼苗表现生长势壮、干物质积累快、壮苗指数大;基质6(废菇料、蛭石、珍珠岩体积比为2∶1∶1)和基质10(废菇料、蛭石体积比为2∶1)的育苗效果与CK相当,可以替代CK进行育苗。

Taking waste mushroom material,corn stalk,sawdust,slag,cow muck,perlite,vermiculite,and fine sand as materials,10 nursery substrates for tomato plug seedling were composed.On studying the growth and quality of seedlings,favorable low-cost soilless substrates were selected.The results showed that in substrate 3（the volume ratio of perlite to vermiculite is 1∶ 1）and in substrate 4（the volume ratio of peatmoss to vermiculite to waste mushroom is 1∶ 1∶ 1） tomatoes grew strongly,dry matter accumulated faster,and good seedling index were higher,which were significantly better than in CK（the volume ratio of peatmoss to vermiculite is 2∶ 1）;the quality of seedlings in substrate 6（the volume ratio of waste mushroom to vermiculite to pearlite is 2∶ 1∶ 1） and in substrate 10（the volume ratio of waste mushroom to vermiculite is 2∶ 1） was equivalent to CK.