战后国民政府留用日籍技术人员政策的演变及在上海地区的实践

On the Policy Evolution of Retaining of Japanese Technicians and Its Practice in Shanghai

留用日籍技术人员,是战后国民政府处置在华日籍人士的一项重要举措。鉴于中国科技水平的落后、技术人员的缺乏,以及维持日厂接收后的运转,国民政府有关部门本着"楚材晋用"的目的,制订出留用若干日籍技术人员的政策。由于它具有强烈的现实功用性和纯粹的技术特点,因而颇受经济界和企业界人士的欢迎。但是,在遣返日人归国的基本问题上,中国与当时主导东亚国际局势的美国始终存在着较大异议,再加上战火刚熄,中国民间还普遍弥漫着激烈的仇日情绪,因而使得整个留用工作并不顺畅。

The retaining of Japanese technicians was one of the important measures of KMT Government in dealing with the Japanese people in China after the Anti-Japanese War. Based on relevant archives and documents,this paper analyses the preparation,formulation and practice of the policy from three aspects—the central government,Shanghai,and enterprises involved.